ICAITU004BOccupational Health and Safety Procedures

ICAITU004B
Apply Occupational Health and Safety Procedures

On completion of this unit learners should be competent in supporting the organizations’ Occupational Health and Safety principles and practices.
They should have the ability to:
1. Determine Occupational Health and Safety (OH & S) issues relating to immediate work environment.
2. Document and disseminate Occupational Health & Safety requirements.
3. Provide basic ergonomic advice.




Glossary

OOS
Occupational Overuse Syndrome, also know as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). Caused by repetitive tasks and/or having poor posture.
Workstation
Includes the whole work area and positioning of – computer, monitor, keyboard, desk, chair, document holder and footrest.
Ergonomics
The study of the work environment in relation to the user.
Hazards
A situation or substance which could cause injury or illness.
Code of Practice
Guidelines which should be implemented to maintain safe work practices.
Manual Handling
Lifting or moving any equipment or other objects.
OHS Committee
A body of workplace employees committed to ensuring a safe work environment – attends regular meetings and carries out regular inspections.
Work Cover
The managing body for NSW Workplace Health & Safety
Accident Report
A document which should be filled out by anyone involved in workplace accidents/injuries, regardless of however minor they might be.
Worker’s Compensation
A special insurance-type payment made to any person who is injured or suffers a work related illness and needs time off work.
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheets – specifies how to handle certain material and/or substances.


Activities


Exercise 1



1. An unhealthy work environment can lead to many problems, name some of these problems:

Stress, accidents, headaches, backaches, eye strain, low morale (anything else similar to these)
2. The study of the work environment in relation to the user is called ergonomics.

TRUE

3. Name some of the common complaints in relation to ergonomics.


Wrong type of chair – back and neck problems, stress on the body overall, Wrongly adjusted VDU – eye problems, headaches, glare problems, Environment – stuffy, too cold or hot, over air-conditioned, noisy, overwork Workstation arrangement – not practical, causes twisting or turning, cluttered or messy, frustrating and stressful
4. How often should you take a break when using a computer? every 3 hours once per day every 30 min.
Every 30 minutes
5. Your eyes should be level with the top of the screen. TRUE FALSE
6. If your feet cannot comfortably reach the floor what should you use?
Footrest
7. Repetitive Strain Injury is often referred to as OOS (Occupational Overuse Syndrome), is this correct?
Yes

8. If you suffer from eyestrain, what course of action should you take?
Have your eyes checked, wear glasses if necessary, adjust brightness and/or positioning of monitor
9. To be comfortable when you are working with the keyboard, your wrists should be resting on the desk.

TRUE

10.Describe what kind of chair you should have at your workstation.
An ergonomic chair, with adjustable height and back support, 5 feet with castors, seat should be made of cloth and angled away from your upper thighs, preferable with no arms (or lower enough to fit under the desk) and in complete working order.


Exercise 2

Questions:
1. Stress can be related to:
a. An ergonomic, well-planned workstation
b. Job overload and poor work design +
c. A happy work environment
d. None of the above

2. OOS stands for:
a. Occupational Overworked Syndrome
b. Often Occupationally Sick
c. Occupational Overuse Syndrome +
d. Any of the above

3. A VDU is another term for:
a. RSI
b. Chronic Stress
c. Monitor or screen
d. All of the above +

4. Which of the following is a hazard?
a. Chemicals
b. Poor work design
c. Electrical Problems
d. All of the above +

5. When lifting any heavy weight you should:
a. Keep your back straight +
b. Keep you knees straight
c. Hold the weight away from your body
d. Carry as much as you want


Exercise 3

1. In relation the Occupational Health & Safety Act what are the employer’s responsibilities?
Employer’s responsibilities:
a. Provide training for the use of any equipment in the workplace
b. Educate staff about occupation overuse syndrome
c. Outline correct lifting procedures for heavy weights
d. Establish a schedule of repairs and maintenance for equipment
e. Provide adequate lighting
f. Provide ergonomically designed furniture
g. Outline procedures for reporting potential hazards




2. What are the employee’s responsibilities?
Employee’s responsibilities:
a. Adjusting equipment to suit themselves
b. Reporting potential hazards
c. Adhering to safety regulations regarding issues such as power, lifting, housekeeping
d. Considering the welfare of themselves and others in the workplace
e. Taking frequent breaks when doing repetitive tasks


3. What sort of injuries does the OH & S Law cover?
In relation to IT injuries
a. Being injured during a lunchtime game in the grounds of the organization/company
b. An assault by another employee
c. An accident in the office or workshop
d. An accident while traveling between job locations for work purposes
e. An accident at a social function held by the organization/company


4. List some of the changes made to the workplace as a result of OH & S Laws.
Some changes to the workplace;
a. Safety signs warning of danger
b. Compulsory protective clothing where it is necessary
c. Regular maintenance of air conditioning units
d. Regular inspections of the workplace and follow up of hazard reports
e. Hazard control
f. Emergency drills
g. Safety audits
h. Documentation for work-related incidents, accidents injuries and illnesses


5. Name some of the functions of the OH & S Committee.
Functions of an OHS Committee
a. Investigate issues brought to its attention by employees or employers
b. Assist in the development of a safe work environment
c. Ensure there are appropriate recording procedures for accidents
d. Attempt to resolve issues
e. May have other functions relevant to the type of workplace




6. Investigate what the following safety signs mean in the workplace.
A red circle with a line through it -
A green triangle
A yellow triangle
A blue circle
o Red-Indicates something that must not be done
o Green-Indicates where emergency equipment is kept
o Yellow-Danger warning
o Blur-Indicates the need for some type of safety equipment




7. Summarize the Hierarchy of Controls.
controls – training, job rotation, scheduling of Hierarchy of controls
a. Elimination – removing the risk.
b. Substituting – replacing equipment or substance with a better or less risky one
c. Engineering controls – designing or redesigning a better work area.
d. Administrative work, risk control.
e. Personal protective clothing and equipment – to provide a barrier to any hazard.


8. If you were asked to move a computer from one place to another, what safety precautions would you take?
Safety precautions
a. Turn off all components at the wall
b. Unplug all the power leads
c. Disconnect all cables from the computer components keyboard, printer, mouse etc
d. Use a trolley if it is a fair distance to be moved to or,
e. Lift the equipment with bent knees, keeping the equipment close to your body and your back straight.


Case study 1



You are an employee of Bits & PCs Computer Services Company and one of your tasks is to attend the helpdesk enquiries for two hours every day. There are three of you doing this during a normal day, but on this particular day one of your workmates is off sick and you are asked to do his two hours as well as your own.
Along with this you also have some urgent tasks that you feel you really need to try and do in between enquiries. The day begins quite well and you seem to be making progress, however, you start to get very busy on the helpdesk and you end up working through lunch.
Later in the afternoon, you decide it is time to have a quick break. In your rush, you trip over the electrical leads hanging down beside the desk and land on an open PC case, cutting your hand and badly bruising both knees as you hit the floor!
You are not seriously hurt, but shaken and your hand will need some attention to stop the bleeding.
1. Fill out the information on the Injury/Investigation Report below, using all your own details and the relevant information from the above case study.









Case study 2

Choose an appropriate office or workplace with at least one computer workstation and carry out the following tasks:
· Investigate the OH & S practices which are in place
· Identify any environmental breaches
· Identify any electrical hazards
· What OH & S reporting procedures are there?
· Is the furniture ergonomically designed?
· In all these areas recommend any OH & S improvements you feel are necessary.

Simulated workplace:
Erik’s European Motor Mechanic Workshop
Scenario: The workshop has just got license to inspect motor vehicle for road worthiness for the RTA.
Part of the resource requirement is to set up a PC which can be network to the RTA mainframe server.
Our task is to set up the PC workstation for a workshop. We need to set this up in compliant to WORKCOVER REGULATION.

1. Analyze the floor plan of the workshop and identify an area which we can put this workstation.
2. Examine the environmental issues required by WORKCOVER.

3. Examine the ergonomic issues required from WORKCOVER.





OH&S REPORT FOR WORKSTATION

Eriks European Motor Mechanic Workshop

Background

This workshop has the following dimension: 900 M2 (30m x 30m), ceiling height 5 metres, 6 windows in the back, the exit is located on the left side of the building, in the front we have 2 roller doors. Inside of the roller doors there is a reception desk. This is located on the right side of the building on the back. The reception area is 8m x 8m (64 M2). The FIRST AID KIT is located in the reception area. The reception area is secured. The existing reception area has already one workshop. Right next to reception workstation there is enough footprint for the new workstation that connects to the RTA mainframe server.

As this reception area is isolated there is the barrier to isolate sound. This reception area has reverse cycle air-conditioning with climate control (humidity and temperature). There are sprinkles and smoke detector. In the workshop and reception area are separate fire extinguishers. They are CO2 based. CO2 fire extinguishers are good for electrical and oil based/hydrocarbon fires. There is fire blanket in the workshop. In workshop there is sufficient ventilation extract fumes and carbon monoxide. There is one window in the reception area. This is located on the right side of the area. As the result this does not affect excessive amount of glare from the screen. Inside reception area there are 6 sets of power points. Currently only two sets of power points are in constant use. Therefore, there are sufficient power points for the work station. Lighting requirements for the new workstation is an issue. There is insufficient artificial lighting in the propose area. For the current staff there are two trained mechanics and two apprentice mechanics. In addition, there is one clerk that does the administration work. The two mechanics as part of their training and experience have already the OHS skills and knowledge for the job. These two mechanics have the responsibility for training of the clerk and two apprentice mechanics on OHS WORKCOVER requirements.
The floor plan is given in figure 1








Recommendation:

Install the RTA computer in the office facing the door. Install another light above the computer. This would comply with the requirements of the WORKCOVER guidelines for environmental factors. For ergonomic requirements an additional ergonomic chair is purchased. The computer system is installed based on the WORKCOVER guide lines for the following:

1. The angle of the screen to the eye is max 30 degrees to horizontal. This is to protect the neck.
2. The key board is positioned to reduce stress on the risk.
3. The back rest is adjusted to ensure the back is vertical when seated.

The basic setup is given in Figure 2.

Basically this includes the setup oft he following: Chair, Desk screen, Documents Layout, Keyboard, Mouse, Environment, Telephone Operations and Headsets and Work Organisation.

The workstation adjustment requirement relates to Figure3:

The layout of the workstation is given in figure 4